This course traces the development of religious liberty from the Bible and the Early Church through the Middle Ages and the pluralism of the Reformation, across the Atlantic to the English Colonies, and then on to the Revolutionary War and ratification of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights with their unprecedented guarantee of religious liberty. It then examines the changes that took place from the late eighteenth to the early twenty-first centuries, as the way Americans viewed religion changed radically and with it, the application of religious freedom changed radically. Religion, once a source of objective truth about God, life, and the human person, became “mere beliefs and opinions” that may or may not deserve freedom or even respect.